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Article · RaptureApologetics · Biblical discernment

Four Difficult Texts for Pretribulationism

The man of sin, the last trumpet, the first resurrection, and the last day

Four Difficult Texts for Pretribulationism The man of sin, the last trumpet, the first resurrection, and the last day A cumulative case should be exposed to the passages which appear least friendly to it. Four objections deserve particul…

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Article · RaptureBiblical exposition · Apologetics

If Antichrist Must Come First, Is Christ's Coming Imminent?

Signs, expectancy, and the event the Church is told to await

…ievers towards Christ Himself: "Looking for that blessed hope, and the glorious appearing of the great God and our Saviour Jesus Christ." —Titus 2:13 "For our conversation is in heaven; from whence also we look for the Saviour, the Lord Jesus Christ." —Philippians 3:20 The object…

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Article · Israel and the ChurchBiblical exposition · Apologetics

What Does 'They Are Not All Israel, Which Are of Israel' Mean?

Election within Abraham's family, the believing remnant, and the future of the nation

What Does "They Are Not All Israel, Which Are of Israel" Mean? Election within Abraham's family, the believing remnant, and the future of the nation Romans 9:6 is often used as a definition of spiritual Israel: "For they are not all Isr…

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Article · ChristologyBiblical theology · Christological analysis · Philosophical theology · Christian apologetics

Christ in the Temple of the Philosophers

The incarnation, the limits of created perspective and the love philosophy could not imagine

Christ in the Temple of the Philosophers The Incarnation, the Limits of Created Perspective, and the Love Philosophy Could Not Imagine “For in him dwelleth all the fulness of the Godhead bodily.” — Colossians 2:…

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Article · Salvation and JustificationBiblical exposition · Word study · Christian doctrine

Christ, the End of the Law? What Paul Meant in Romans 10:4

How the Law reaches its goal and appointed end in Christ

Christ, the End of the Law? What Paul Meant in Romans 10:4 How the Law reaches its goal and appointed end in Christ Few sentences have carried more weight in Christian discussions of the Law than Romans 10:…

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Article · ChristologyBiblical theology · Christological analysis · Historical theology · Primary-source study · Pastoral theology

Did Jesus Have a Human Soul?

Why the Son assumed a complete human nature, not merely a body

Did Jesus Have a Human Soul? Why the Son assumed a complete human nature, not merely a body Why this is useful to know: Christians rightly confess that Jesus is God manifest in the flesh. Yet if “flesh” is ima…

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Article · Israel and the ChurchBiblical exposition · Apologetics

Are Abraham's Seed and the Israel of God the Church?

Christ the promised Seed, Gentile inheritance, and Paul's final blessing

Are Abraham's Seed and the Israel of God the Church? Christ the promised Seed, Gentile inheritance, and Paul's final blessing Galatians contains two of the strongest arguments for identifying the Church as Israel. First, Pau…

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Article · ChristologyBiblical theology · Christological analysis · Historical theology · Primary-source study · Pastoral theology

Did the Incarnation Limit God?

Eustathius of Antioch, the human soul of Christ and the pictures created by our words

Did the Incarnation Limit God? Eustathius of Antioch, the human soul of Christ and the pictures created by our words Why this is useful to know: The language we use about Jesus creates a picture in the mind. If that picture presents…

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Article · Bible and ManuscriptsApologetics · Historical study · Biblical discernment

Can We Trust the Bible?

How an openly transmitted text survived copying, criticism, and centuries of examination

…rust the Bible? How an openly transmitted text survived copying, criticism, and centuries of examination Christians sometimes hear a sweeping objection: the Bible may once have contained God's word, but generations of copying changed it so thoroughly that nobody can now know what…

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Article · Israel and the ChurchBiblical exposition · Apologetics

Are Gentile Believers Grafted into Israel?

The olive tree, the natural branches, and the limits of the metaphor

…ntile Believers Grafted into Israel? The olive tree, the natural branches, and the limits of the metaphor Romans 11 pictures Gentile believers as branches taken from a wild olive tree and grafted into a cultivated olive tree. They now share its nourishing root alongside branches…

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Article · ProphecyBiblical exposition · Biblical theology · Prophetic study · Christian ethics

The Earth's Great Sabbath

Creation, judgement, and the coming reign of Christ

The Earth's Great Sabbath Creation, judgement, and the coming reign of Christ The Christian hope for creation rests neither in human effort nor in escape from the material world. The creation groans for the return of its rightful King, the revelation of the…

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Article · Israel and the ChurchBiblical exposition · Apologetics

God's Unfailing Faithfulness

Why Israel's failure cannot make the word of God fail

God's Unfailing Faithfulness Why Israel's failure cannot make the word of God fail Israel's history presents a severe test of theology. God chose the nation, gave it His law, sent it prophets, and brought the Messiah through its line. Israel repeatedly rebelled…

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Recommended book · Early Christianity & the ancient worldBook review

The Ancient Mysteries: A Sourcebook of Sacred Texts

Marvin W. Meyer · Historical sourcebook · 1987

I recommend The Ancient Mysteries because it gives an excellent view of the Gentile religious world in which Paul preached. Rather than leaving the mystery cults as vague names in a textbook, Meyer lets their surviving texts show what their adherents practise…

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Article · ProphecyBiblical exposition · Biblical theology

What Restrains the Lawless One? Rome, Israel, and a Working Theory

Governmental restraint, the final ten kings, and the preparation of the temple

…o Come, my premillennial sequel to my rapture book, I have been revisiting Paul’s account of the restrainer in 2 Thessalonians 2. Something holds back the revelation of the final lawless ruler. The Thessalonians knew what Paul meant. We have his letter, but not the earlier conver…

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Article · Biblical InterpretationBiblical exposition · Apologetics

Did God Give Laws That Were Not Good?

Ezekiel 20, child sacrifice, and the judgement of being given over

Did God Give Laws That Were Not Good? Ezekiel 20, child sacrifice, and the judgement of being given over “I gave them also statutes that were not good.” Those words in Ezekiel 20:25 can sound startling when read alone. The following verse makes the difficulty sharper by conn…

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Article · Israel and the ChurchHistorical study · Apologetics · Biblical discernment

How Supersessionism Took Root in the Early Church

A history of interpretation, polemic, and forgotten tension

How Supersessionism Took Root in the Early Church A history of interpretation, polemic, and forgotten tension Supersessionism did not appear in one moment through one theologian. It developed as the Church became increasingly Gentile, separated socia…

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Article · RaptureBiblical exposition

Daniel's Seventieth Week and the New Testament Tribulation

Why the final seven is unfinished, future, and centred upon Israel and Jerusalem

…interval invented to make a prophetic chart work. That criticism begins at the wrong end of the Bible. The case does not start by counting backwards from Revelation. It starts with a measured programme in Daniel concerning Israel and Jerusalem. Jesus takes Daniel's abomination o…

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Article · ChristologyBiblical theology · Christological analysis · Historical theology · Pastoral theology · Christian apologetics

One Person, Two Natures

Why the distinction matters when we speak about Jesus

…hen we speak about Jesus Jesus slept in a boat because He was weary. Then He arose and commanded the wind and the sea, and they obeyed Him. He grew in wisdom, yet He knew what was in man. He was tempted, yet without sin. He said that He did not know the hour of His return, yet Hi…

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Article · ChristologyBiblical theology · Christological analysis · Philosophical theology · Historical theology · Christian apologetics

The Word Did Not Fall into Flesh

The glory philosophy could not contain

…lesh The glory philosophy could not contain In the previous article, Christ in the Temple of the Philosophers, I argued that the Incarnation does not become absurd merely because it exceeds the limits of our created experience. The God who made the universe is not imprisoned by i…

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Article · Israel and the ChurchApologetics · Biblical discernment · Biblical exposition

No Shadow of Turning

What God's faithfulness to Israel means for everyone who trusts His promises

No Shadow of Turning What God's faithfulness to Israel means for everyone who trusts His promises This series has examined covenants, prophecies, apostles, thrones, tribes, branches, seeds, kingdoms,…

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Article · ChristologyBiblical exposition · Christian apologetics · Christological analysis

“I Am the First, and I Am the Last”

Isaiah, John, and the Divine Identity of Jesus Christ

“I Am the First, and I Am the Last” Isaiah, John, and the Divine Identity of Jesus Christ If YHWH alone is Creator, Saviour and Lord of all, what are the New Testament writers saying when they place Jesus within that identity? Isaiah does not leave Israel searchin…

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Article · Christian DoctrineHistorical investigation · Theological analysis · Biblical theology · Primary-source study

Have Evangelicals Become Neo-Gnostics?

History, heresy, and the temptation of private Christianity

Have Evangelicals Become Neo-Gnostics? History, Heresy, and the Temptation of Private Christianity The accusation identifies real evangelical deformations—secret-key religion, escape rhetoric, elite conversion status, and churchless faith—but fails when it becomes…

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Article · Biblical InterpretationBiblical exposition · Messianic prophecy · Hebrew word study · Theological reflection

The Messiah and ‘My Mother’s Children’ in Psalm 69

The brothers of Jesus, the sons of Mary, and an argument of strong plausibility

The Messiah and ‘My Mother’s Children’ in Psalm 69 The brothers of Jesus, the sons of Mary, and an argument of strong plausibility Psalm 69 is one of the clearest portraits of the suffering Messiah in the Psalter. Its language repeatedly reappears in the…

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Article · ChristologyBiblical theology · Greek word study · Christological analysis · Historical theology · Primary-source study

Was Christ Begotten at the Resurrection?

Born, begotten and firstborn in the eternal identity and saving work of the Son

…at the Resurrection? Born, begotten and firstborn in the eternal identity and saving work of the Son “This day have I begotten thee” appears to be applied to Christ’s resurrection. Did Jesus become the Son of God when He rose—or does Scripture distinguish His eternal Sonship from…

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Article · Christian LivingBiblical exposition · Character study · Christian doctrine · Pastoral application

Judas and Peter: A Tale of Two Sorrows

Two failures, two responses, and the difference between remorse and repentance

Judas and Peter: A Tale of Two Sorrows Two failures, two responses, and the difference between remorse and repentance Few experiences are more painful than awakening to the seriousness of our own sin. The excuses f…

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Article · Israel and the ChurchBiblical exposition · Theological response · Textual study

No Holy Land? Covenant Discipline, Gentile Blessing, and Israel's Future

A response to Michael Horton on the land promise, Amos 9, and the people of God

No Holy Land? Covenant Discipline, Gentile Blessing, and Israel's Future A response to Michael Horton on the land promise, Amos 9, and the people of God Michael Horton's essay, “No Holy Land: Does Israel Still Have a Biblical Claim on th…

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Article · Israel and the ChurchBiblical exposition · Apologetics

Are Israel and the Church Really the Same?

Unity in Christ and distinction in God's purpose

…? Unity in Christ and distinction in God's purpose The New Testament teaches a unity so profound that it would have startled the ancient world. In Christ, Jewish and Gentile believers are reconciled to God in one body. Both possess the same Spirit, approach the same Father, and i…

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Article · Israel and the ChurchBiblical exposition · Apologetics

The New Testament Is a Very Jewish Story

Israel's Messiah, Israel's Scriptures, and a gospel for the world

…a Very Jewish Story Israel's Messiah, Israel's Scriptures, and a gospel for the world To many Jewish people, Christianity appears thoroughly foreign. Its historic centres became Rome, Constantinople, Canterbury, Geneva, and countless cities far from Jerusalem. Its Scriptures hav…

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Article · Israel and the ChurchApologetics · Biblical discernment

What Is Supersessionism, and Why Does It Matter?

Defining the position before testing it

…ement theology" is a useful popular label, but it can also conceal important differences. Many Christians accused of teaching that the Church replaced Israel would reject that wording. They believe that the Church is the fulfilment, continuation, or expansion of Israel rather tha…

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Article · Christian LivingPastoral reflection · Christian living

Declared Spotless: Invited to Communion

A quiet invitation to draw near to Christ

…eakness we thought we would have outgrown by now. We come before the Lord painfully aware of everything that seems unfinished. In the Song of Songs, the woman says: “Look not upon me…” “Mine own vineyard have I not kept.” — Song of Songs 1:6 These words belong first to a love poe…

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Article · Israel and the ChurchBiblical exposition · Apologetics

Does the New Testament Reaffirm Israel's Promises?

Fulfilment in Christ, the inclusion of the Gentiles, and Israel's future mercy

Does the New Testament Reaffirm Israel's Promises? Fulfilment in Christ, the inclusion of the Gentiles, and Israel's future mercy The Old Testament repeatedly promises Israel preservation, regathering, cleansing, the kingdom of David's Son, and a restored relationship with God…

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Article · Biblical InterpretationBiblical exposition · Apologetics · Historical theology

He Who Has Believed Has Eaten

Does John 6 teach the literal eating of Christ's body?

He Who Has Believed Has Eaten Does John 6 Teach the Literal Eating of Christ’s Body? “Verily, verily, I say unto you, He that believeth on me hath everlasting life. I am that bread of life.” —John 6:47–48 An evangelical watches a confident Roman Catholic pr…

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Article · Israel and the ChurchBiblical exposition

Israel and the Church: Why This Series Matters

The question reaches beyond prophecy to the faithfulness of God

…Church: Why This Series Matters The question reaches beyond prophecy to the faithfulness of God Has the Church replaced Israel in the purpose of God? Some Christians answer yes, although they may prefer words such as fulfilled, transformed, or expanded. They believe that Israel'…

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Article · Bible and ManuscriptsHistorical study · Apologetics · Comparative theology

The Injeel Problem

Which Gospel does the Qur'an affirm?

…on from God. It contained guidance and light. The Qur'an claims to confirm it. The People of the Gospel are told to judge by what God revealed within it. Yet when Christians open the Gospel they possessed for centuries before Muhammad, they find the Son who shares the Father's gl…

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Article · Comparative ReligionHistorical study · Apologetics · Comparative theology · Biblical discernment

Revelation or Reception?

Sources behind Qur’anic narratives

…red within history will naturally speak to people within history. The Bible itself uses human languages, recognisable literary forms and real historical settings. The question is more particular. Why do several distinctive Qur’anic narratives resemble post-biblical Jewish and Chr…

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Article · Israel and the ChurchBiblical exposition · Apologetics

Was the Kingdom Taken from Israel?

The wicked husbandmen, the fruit-bearing nation, and what Jesus said afterwards

…icked husbandmen, the fruit-bearing nation, and what Jesus said afterwards Few statements of Jesus appear to support supersessionism more directly than Matthew 21:43: "Therefore say I unto you, The kingdom of God shall be taken from you, and given to a nation bringing forth the f…

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Article · Israel and the ChurchBiblical exposition · Apologetics

Has God Abandoned Israel? What Do the Covenants Say?

Conditional blessing, irrevocable promise, and fulfilment in Christ

Has God Abandoned Israel? What Do the Covenants Say? Conditional blessing, irrevocable promise, and fulfilment in Christ Israel broke God's law, rejected the prophets, and nationally refused its Messiah. Jerusalem was judged, the temple was destroyed, and the…

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Article · RaptureBiblical exposition · Apologetics

Is the Church Appointed to the Tribulation's Wrath?

Divine judgement, the character of God, and the promise of escape

Is the Church Appointed to the Tribulation's Wrath? Divine judgement, the character of God, and the promise of escape The claim that the Church is not appointed to wrath is sometimes answered too quickly. Christians plainly suffer. Jesus promised tribulation in the world. T…

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Article · Christian DoctrineBiblical exposition · Apologetics

Does Matthew 16:18 Establish Church Infallibility?

What Christ’s promise establishes—and what claims about infallible teaching still need to prove

Does Matthew 16:18 Establish Church Infallibility? Few promises offer Christians greater assurance than these words of Jesus: “I will build my church; and the gates of hell shall not prevail against it.” — Matthew 16:18 The Church belongs to Christ. He b…

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Article · RaptureBiblical exposition · Apologetics · Biblical discernment

Does Matthew 24 Place the Rapture after the Tribulation?

The gathering of the elect, one taken and one left, and Paul's revealed mystery

Does Matthew 24 Place the Rapture after the Tribulation? The gathering of the elect, one taken and one left, and Paul's revealed mystery Matthew 24 contains the most direct Gospel objection to a pretribulation rapture. Jesus describes Great Tribulation, cosmic…

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Article · Christian HopeScientific review · Biblical exposition · Theological discernment · Pastoral reflection

Beyond the Tunnel of Light

Near-death experiences, neuroscience, and the authority of Christ

Beyond the Tunnel of Light Near-death experiences, neuroscience, and the authority of Christ Many years ago I read Tal Brooke's The Other Side of Death: Does Death Seal Your Destiny? The book stayed with me.…

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Article · Christian DoctrinePersonal reflection · Historical theology · Theological analysis · Primary-source study

Standing at the Door

An unrequited love for the historic Church

…nd outside the historic Church because I despise her. I stand outside because I love much of what I find within her, yet cannot call every later development apostolic. There is a particular accusation made against evangelical Christianity that I feel more deeply than might be exp…

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Article · Christian DoctrineBiblical exposition · Apologetics · Theological reflection · Comparative theology

Eternal Love Before Creation

What the Father's love for the Son reveals about God

…d Before there was a universe, what was there for God to love? There were no angels, no human beings and no created order. Nothing outside God existed. Yet Scripture does not merely say that God became loving when creatures appeared. It declares: "God is love" (1 John 4:8). That…

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Article · Christian LivingBiblical exposition · Christian ethics · Cultural discernment · Practical application

Your Party Is Not Your Church

How Christians can think politically without surrendering conscience to a package deal

…ing conscience to a package deal Political parties do not merely ask for our votes. Increasingly, they offer an entire identity. Each side supplies its own account of the world: the dangers which matter, the injustices which deserve attention, the experts who may be trusted, the…

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Article · Israel and the ChurchBiblical exposition · Hebrew word study · Biblical theology

Is Israel Married to the Land?

The LORD, Zion, and the meaning of Beulah in Isaiah 62:4–5

Is Israel Married to the Land? The LORD, Zion, and the Meaning of Beulah in Isaiah 62:4–5 “Thou shalt no more be termed Forsaken; neither shall thy land any more be termed Desolate: but thou shalt be called Hephzibah, and thy land Beulah: for the LORD d…

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Article · RaptureBiblical exposition

Where Is the Church during Revelation's Judgements?

Earth-dwellers, heaven-dwellers, and the literary structure of the Apocalypse

…ring Revelation's Judgements? Earth-dwellers, heaven-dwellers, and the literary structure of the Apocalypse The argument that the word church disappears after Revelation 3 is often stated as though silence alone proves a rapture between chapters 3 and 4. It does not. A word count…

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Article · RaptureBiblical exposition · Apologetics

Why the Cumulative Case Points to a Pretribulation Rapture

The positive argument of the whole series, brought together

Why the Cumulative Case Points to a Pretribulation Rapture The positive argument of the whole series, brought together The case for a pretribulation rapture should not rest upon one disputed word, one prophetic chart, or one passage made to carry more than it says. It is…

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Recommended book · Torah, Messiah & biblical theologyBook review

Reading Moses, Seeing Jesus

Seth D. Postell, Eitan Bar & Erez Soref · Messianic biblical theology · 2017

I recommend Reading Moses, Seeing Jesus because it treats the Torah neither as an embarrassing relic nor as a covenant code which the Church must simply re-enact. The authors read its narratives, patterns, promises, and commandments as a coherent witness whose goal is found in Ye…

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Article · ChristologyBiblical theology · Christological analysis · Historical theology · Primary-source study · Christian apologetics

Does Eternal Mean Divine?

Origen, Arius and the line between Creator and creation

…is useful to know: On your walk through life, you will encounter challenges to the deity of Christ from television shows and documentaries, Muslims, Latter-day Saints, Jehovah’s Witnesses—and, if you have children, they may encounter them too, perhaps even through teachers or cl…

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Article · Apologetics and WorldviewBiblical discernment · Biblical exposition · Cultural analysis · Church history

Test the Spirits

Spiritual ecstasy, altered states, and discerning what is from God

Test the Spirits Spiritual ecstasy, altered states, and discerning what is from God Human beings have always sought to pass beyond the boundaries of ordinary consciousness. Across cultures and religions, people have reported visions, overwhelming sensations of unity, encounte…

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Article · Bible StudyBiblical exposition · Christian living · Pastoral reflection · Biblical discernment

The Foundation and Its Seal

How the Lord knows His own—and how their lives bear His name

…aining settled in the very iniquity from which He came to deliver us? These questions are often answered in opposite and equally dangerous ways. One answer makes our conduct the foundation of our acceptance with God, leaving tender believers to wonder whether they have ever done…

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Article · Biblical InterpretationBiblical exposition · Apologetics · Comparative theology

Was Muhammad Foretold in the Bible?

Four popular claims tested in context

…etold in the Bible? Four popular claims tested in context The Qur'an says that the coming of Muhammad was written in the Torah and the Gospel possessed by Jews and Christians: "Those who follow the messenger, the Prophet who can neither read nor write, whom they will find describ…

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Article · Christian DoctrineHistorical investigation · Apologetics · Primary-source study

What Really Happened at Nicaea?

Constantine, Arius, the Trinity, the biblical canon—and the myths that refuse to die

…tine, Arius, the Trinity, the biblical canon—and the myths that refuse to die The Council of Nicaea has become a screen upon which almost every conspiracy about early Christianity is projected. Constantine invented the Trinity. Jesus was voted into deity. Paganism defeated biblic…

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Article · Biblical InterpretationBiblical exposition · Historical analysis · Archaeology · Apologetics

Did Israel Invent Yahweh?

El, the Exodus, and the God Who Came from Sinai

Did Israel Invent Yahweh? El, the Exodus, and the God Who Came from Sinai Yesterday I found myself discussing claims about the origins of Israel’s God with my son. He seemed to regard the essential theory as accepted among scholars. He had also discussed it…

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Recommended book · Evangelical doctrine & disputed questionsBook review

Knots Untied

J. C. Ryle · Doctrinal and pastoral essays · 1874

…at is really at stake, and repeatedly brings the reader back to Scripture, the simplicity of the gospel, and the spiritual welfare of ordinary people. The subjects are disputed, but the writing is rarely obscure. Ryle's directness, pastoral seriousness, and ability to make doctri…

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Article · RaptureBiblical exposition · Apologetics · Historical study

Is the Pretribulation Rapture Without Biblical Basis?

A response to Hank Hanegraaff on resurrection, Daniel’s final week, and the Tribulation

…system in which God has two unrelated peoples and destinies, Christians enjoy seven years of safety, and Jewish people are abandoned to an unparalleled holocaust. He then appeals to John 5, Daniel, Matthew 24, Romans 8 and the destruction of Jerusalem in AD 70 to reject the syste…

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Article · RaptureApologetics · Historical study

Did Darby Invent the Pretribulation Rapture?

What the historical evidence proves—and what it does not

…ure? What the historical evidence proves—and what it does not The historical objection is often stated in absolute terms: no Christian taught the rapture before John Nelson Darby devised it in the nineteenth century. The conclusion then follows that pretribulationism cannot be ap…

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Article · HermeneuticsApologetics · Biblical exposition · Historical study

Defending Dispensationalism

Responding to five common criticisms without defending what Scripture does not require

…common criticisms without defending what Scripture does not require Dispensationalism is often criticised by slogans before it is defined. It allegedly began with John Nelson Darby, turns the Church into God's failed contingency plan, ignores the fulfilment of prophecy in AD 70,…

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Article · RaptureBiblical exposition · Apologetics

Does 'Meet the Lord in the Air' Mean an Immediate Return to Earth?

Why apantēsis does not settle the timing of the rapture

…d in the Air" Mean an Immediate Return to Earth? Why apantēsis does not settle the timing of the rapture One of the most sophisticated objections to pretribulationism centres on a single Greek noun. Paul says that living believers will be caught up with the resurrected dead "to m…

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Article · Bible StudyBiblical exposition · Pastoral reflection · Christian living

Not as the World Giveth

The peace Christ gives in a troubled world

Not as the World Giveth The peace Christ gives in a troubled world There are kinds of peace which last only while nothing disturbs them. We feel peaceful because the bills are paid, the medical result was reassuring, the family is well or tomorrow appears predictable. Thes…

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Article · Christian DoctrineBiblical exposition · Apologetics · Comparative theology

Not Three Gods

Why the Trinity is not polytheism—and why Christians confess one God

…Gods Why the Trinity is not polytheism—and why Christians confess one God The Trinity is often rejected before it is accurately defined. “The Father is God, Jesus is God, and the Holy Spirit is God,” the objection runs. “That makes three gods.” It would—if Christians believed th…

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Article · Israel and the ChurchBiblical exposition · Apologetics

Do All God's Promises Transfer to the Church?

What 'yea and Amen' in Christ means for Israel and the covenants

…e Church? What "yea and Amen" in Christ means for Israel and the covenants Paul makes one of the most comprehensive statements about the promises of God: "For all the promises of God in him are yea, and in him Amen, unto the glory of God by us." —2 Corinthians 1:20 Every promise…

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Article · Bible StudyBiblical exposition · Pastoral reflection · Christian living

When Faith Does Not Answer Back

Trusting God when voices seek to weaken our confidence

…hen Faith Does Not Answer Back Trusting God when voices seek to weaken our confidence One of the most instructive details in the account of Hezekiah and Rabshakeh is easily overlooked: the people did not answer. Rabshakeh had come as the spokesman of the king of Assyria. Standing…

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Article · RaptureBiblical exposition · Apologetics

When Do Persecuted Christians Receive Rest?

Michael Brown, 2 Thessalonians 1, and the public vindication of the saints

…ted Christians Receive Rest? Michael Brown, 2 Thessalonians 1, and the public vindication of the saints In his presentation Why I Reject a Pre-tribulation Rapture, Michael Brown identifies 2 Thessalonians 1:5–10 as a decisive passage. Paul is writing to Christians enduring persec…

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Recommended book · Jewish-Christian apologeticsBook review

Refuting Rabbinic Objections to Christianity & Messianic Prophecies

Eitan Bar · Biblical and historical polemic · 2019

I recommend this book because Bar engages objections that Christians often answer without sufficient knowledge of their Jewish setting. His command of Hebrew, familiarity with Israeli life, and experience discussing Yeshua with Jewish people bring valuable co…

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Article · Jesus ChristHistorical study · Apologetics · Comparative theology

Did Jesus Really Die?

The crucifixion in history, Scripture and the Qur'an

…y, Scripture and the Qur'an Christianity and Islam cannot both be correct about the death of Jesus. The Gospel declares that Jesus was crucified under Pontius Pilate, died, was buried and rose bodily from the dead. His death is not a peripheral detail which can be removed while l…

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Article · Biblical ProphecyBiblical exposition · Apologetics · Theological reflection

Does God Remove the Righteous before He Judges?

Abraham, Lot, divine wrath, and a pattern that must be used carefully

…st be used carefully When Abraham learns that judgement is approaching Sodom, he asks one of Scripture's great questions: "Shall not the Judge of all the earth do right?" —Genesis 18:25 His appeal assumes something about God's character. The Lord will not treat the righteous and…

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Article · Biblical InterpretationBiblical exposition · Apologetics

Does Isaiah 7:14 Really Prophesy a Virgin Birth?

Matthew, the Hebrew word almah, and a sign whose meaning reaches beyond Ahaz

…word almah, and a sign whose meaning reaches beyond Ahaz Matthew says that the conception of Jesus by the Holy Ghost fulfilled Isaiah's words: "Behold, a virgin shall be with child, and shall bring forth a son, and they shall call his name Emmanuel." —Matthew 1:23 Critics often a…

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Article · Comparative ReligionApologetics · Historical study · Comparative theology · Biblical discernment

Is the Qur'an a Miracle?

Testing Islam's evidence for divine revelation

…corrupted? Did Jesus really claim to be God? Was He actually crucified? Has the doctrine of the Trinity compromised monotheism? Those questions deserve answers, and the preceding articles have supplied them. But Christianity is not the only faith carrying a burden of proof. Isla…

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Article · Christian LivingBiblical exposition · Pastoral reflection · Christian living

Work Is Not a Curse

Labour, purpose, and faithfulness in a fallen world

Work Is Not a Curse Labour, purpose, and faithfulness in a fallen world Modern culture often swings between two errors. Some people live for their work. Their job becomes their identity, their status becomes their worth, and achievement quietly takes the place of God. Others s…

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Article · Biblical InterpretationBiblical exposition · Apologetics · Comparative theology · Historical study

Isaac, Not Ishmael

The covenant son and the sacrifice that points to Christ

…tion. The answer does not require hostility towards Arabs, contempt for Muslims or denial of the blessings God gave Ishmael. Genesis expressly records that God heard Ishmael, protected him and promised to make him fruitful. Christians have no reason to erase what Scripture affirm…

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Article · ProphecyBiblical exposition · Biblical theology

The King, Zion and the Coming Kingdom: Reading Isaiah 32–35 Across the Prophetic Horizon

The near was real. The far is still coming.

…rizon The near was real. The far is still coming. The historical horizon and the question of fulfilment “Was this fulfilled, or is it still future?” That is often a necessary question when reading biblical prophecy. Sometimes, however, it becomes an inadequate question because it…

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Article · RaptureBiblical exposition · Apologetics

Every Christian Should Believe in the Rapture

The event is explicit; the real dispute is its timing

…lieve in the Rapture The event is explicit; the real dispute is its timing The rapture is often treated as though it were an eccentric event invented by dispensationalists. That framing confuses two different questions. The first is whether Scripture teaches that living believers…

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Article · Christian HopeBiblical exposition · Theological reflection · Historical study

Is the Beatific Vision the Whole Christian Hope?

Seeing God, bodily resurrection, and life in the renewed creation

…Revelation 22:4). The difficulty begins when this truth is made to carry the whole weight of Christian hope. Eternity can then be imagined as a disembodied soul engaged in motionless contemplation, as though salvation finally releases us from material creation, personal vocation,…

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Article · RaptureBiblical exposition · Apologetics

Secret Rapture—or Biblical Distinction?

Why a loaded label does not settle the question

…oes not settle the question “The secret rapture is unbiblical.” The phrase is repeated so often that it can sound like an argument. It is not. Pretribulationists do not claim that Christ descends silently, that believers disappear without an event, or that nothing extraordinary o…

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