Edward Burman · Historical survey · 1984
…s how the institution developed, how it operated in different places and periods, and how religious conviction, political authority, fear, and coercion became entangled. It is disturbing history, but necessary history for understanding what can happen when a church claims the pow…
View recommendation →Tertullian · Apologetic, doctrinal, and practical treatises · c. 197–220
…p. Read across the range and you encounter apologetics, prophecy, doctrine, courage under persecution, and an uncompromising emphasis on holy living. Tertullian is an early witness, not a final authority. His later association with the New Prophecy, his growing severity, and some…
View recommendation →Sources behind Qur’anic narratives
…found in the Torah or the four Gospels. Yet recognisable forms of them appear within the religious narrative world of late antiquity. The superficial accusation is easy: Muhammad heard old legends and copied them into the Qur’an. Historical evidence rarely permits such simplicit…
Read article →Which Gospel does the Qur'an affirm?
…ay also argue that the Qur'an itself accuses some among the People of the Book of writing religious material and falsely attributing it to God, twisting Scripture with their tongues, concealing truth and moving words from their proper places (Surahs 2:79; 3:78; 4:46; 5:13). On th…
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