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9 results for “Irenaeus”

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Article · Christian DoctrinePersonal reflection · Historical theology · Theological analysis · Primary-source study

Standing at the Door

An unrequited love for the historic Church

…ty. It is recognition of where authority finally resides. The Church’s Ancient Confession Irenaeus provides a remarkable standard by which to test this question. Writing in the second century against the Gnostic schools, he described the faith received by the worldwide Church fro…

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Article · RaptureApologetics · Historical study

Did Darby Invent the Pretribulation Rapture?

What the historical evidence proves—and what it does not

…g transformation, catching up, and ascent into heaven. Darby plainly did not invent that. Irenaeus and Victorinus likewise contain ideas of righteous deliverance in relation to final tribulation, but their chronology appears closer to removal from within or near the midst of the…

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Article · RaptureBiblical exposition

Daniel's Seventieth Week and the New Testament Tribulation

Why the final seven is unfinished, future, and centred upon Israel and Jerusalem

…not be quoted as though they did. The overlapping elements are nevertheless substantial. Irenaeus, writing in the second century, connected Daniel's half-week with a future personal Antichrist, a three-and-a-half-year reign, a temple setting, and Christ's subsequent coming (Agai…

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Article · ChristologyBiblical theology · Christological analysis · Historical theology · Primary-source study · Pastoral theology

Did Jesus Have a Human Soul?

Why the Son assumed a complete human nature, not merely a body

…e. See Eusebius, Church History, V.28 and Hippolytus, Refutation of All Heresies, VII.23. Irenaeus: Against views that divided Jesus and Christ, Irenaeus insists that the apostles knew one Jesus Christ and rejects the claim that “Christ descended upon Jesus.” See Irenaeus, Agains…

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Article · Jesus ChristHistorical study · Apologetics · Comparative theology

Did Jesus Really Die?

The crucifixion in history, Scripture and the Qur'an

…lance deserves examination, but any claim of direct dependence must be stated cautiously. Irenaeus, writing around the late second century, attributes a clear substitution story to the followers of Basilides. In his report, Simon of Cyrene is transformed to resemble Jesus and is…

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Article · Christian DoctrineHistorical investigation · Theological analysis · Biblical theology · Primary-source study

Have Evangelicals Become Neo-Gnostics?

History, heresy, and the temptation of private Christianity

…at proximity made Valentinianism more difficult to identify than a wholly alien religion. Irenaeus complained that its teachers used familiar language while assigning it unfamiliar meanings. Tertullian mocked their secrecy and complexity. Clement of Alexandria preserved excerpts…

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Article · Israel and the ChurchHistorical study · Apologetics · Biblical discernment

How Supersessionism Took Root in the Early Church

A history of interpretation, polemic, and forgotten tension

…rist, connected him with a rebuilt Jewish temple, and treated the crisis as still future. Irenaeus defended a future earthly kingdom and used prophetic descriptions of Jerusalem and Israel in his account of it. "He means, the Temple of the Jews which has been destroyed." —Cyril o…

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Article · Bible and ManuscriptsHistorical study · Apologetics · Comparative theology

The Injeel Problem

Which Gospel does the Qur'an affirm?

…ed Christians were Matthew, Mark, Luke and John. The fourfold Gospel long predates Islam. Irenaeus argued explicitly from four Gospels in the second century. Syriac Christianity possessed Tatian's Gospel harmony, compiled from the four, and later the separated Gospels in Old Syri…

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