Governmental restraint, the final ten kings, and the preparation of the temple
What Restrains the Lawless One? Rome, Israel, and a Working Theory While researching The Kingdom Still to Come, my premillennial sequel to my rapture book, I have been revisiting Paul’s account of the restrainer in 2 Thess…
Read article →Hippolytus · Exposition, prophecy, and polemic · early third century
Surviving treatises and fragments associated with an early third-century Christian teacher, including extensive rebuttals of rival systems and some of the earliest substantial Christian exposition of Daniel, Antichrist, Christ's return, and the coming kingdom.
View recommendation →Why the final seven is unfinished, future, and centred upon Israel and Jerusalem
…off. Jerusalem and its sanctuary are then destroyed. Christ was crucified decades before Rome destroyed the city in AD 70. Those two events cannot both be contained naturally within one uninterrupted seven-year period immediately following the sixty-nine. The chronology therefor…
Read article →The crucifixion in history, Scripture and the Qur'an
…rian Tacitus explains the origin of the Christians whom Nero persecuted after the fire of Rome. He reports that Christus, from whom their name came, "suffered the extreme penalty" during the reign of Tiberius at the hands of Pontius Pilate (Annals 15.44). Tacitus is openly hostil…
Read article →Why apantēsis does not settle the timing of the rapture
…Roman believers travel to Appii forum and The three taverns to meet Paul as he approaches Rome. In both scenes, the welcoming party joins the arriving person and continues with him. This evidence makes the idea of honourable welcome plausible in 1 Thessalonians 4. The saints do n…
Read article →What Christ’s promise establishes—and what claims about infallible teaching still need to prove
…lar role pass to successors? Are those successors uniquely identified with the bishops of Rome? Does their authority include protection from error in specified teaching acts? Matthew 16:18 does not explicitly answer those questions. Answers must be argued from further evidence. I…
Read article →The gathering of the elect, one taken and one left, and Paul's revealed mystery
…wn detailed study. It should not be used to turn every attached event into a metaphor for Rome's victory when the discourse itself reaches beyond the fall of one city. The sound futurist position is not that AD 70 meant nothing. It was a real judgement and a powerful anticipatory…
Read article →History, heresy, and the temptation of private Christianity
…ear, and perhaps sometimes within, ordinary Christian congregations. Valentinus taught in Rome during the second century. His followers used Christian Scriptures, spoke of Father, Son, Spirit, church, redemption, and resurrection, and produced sophisticated interpretations of the…
Read article →Does John 6 teach the literal eating of Christ's body?
…a modern Protestant invention devised to escape an otherwise obvious Roman reading. What Rome claims—and what this article does not claim Fairness requires an important distinction. Roman Catholic theology does not teach that the communicant tears pieces from Christ’s visible bo…
Read article →A history of interpretation, polemic, and forgotten tension
…it was a punitive attempt to suppress Jewish national association with the land. Whatever Rome intended, the symbolic effect is difficult to miss: Judaea disappeared from the official provincial map, and Jerusalem from the city's official name. To a Christian already inclined to…
Read article →A response to Hank Hanegraaff on resurrection, Daniel’s final week, and the Tribulation
…tructs a seven-year tribulation by joining Nero’s persecution following the Great Fire of Rome to the destruction of Jerusalem. The history does not naturally produce that sequence. The fire occurred in AD 64. The Jewish revolt began in AD 66. Jerusalem fell in AD 70. From the fi…
Read article →J. C. Ryle · Doctrinal and pastoral essays · 1874
…es, and party divisions of Anglicanism, and his polemical judgments—especially concerning Rome, sacraments, ministry, and worship—can be severe. Read him appreciatively but not uncritically: distinguish the biblical principle from its nineteenth-century application, check every a…
View recommendation →Israel's Messiah, Israel's Scriptures, and a gospel for the world
…many Jewish people, Christianity appears thoroughly foreign. Its historic centres became Rome, Constantinople, Canterbury, Geneva, and countless cities far from Jerusalem. Its Scriptures have been used to justify contempt for Jews, and its Jewish Messiah has often been presented…
Read article →Regathering, national rebirth, and the spiritual renewal still to come
…ern kingdom fell to Assyria, Judah went into Babylonian exile, Jerusalem was destroyed by Rome, and Jewish communities became established across the world. The warnings did not end with scattering. Moses also looked beyond it: "Then the LORD thy God will turn thy captivity, and h…
Read article →Constantine, Arius, the Trinity, the biblical canon—and the myths that refuse to die
…did not take place in a historical vacuum. Ignatius of Antioch wrote while being taken to Rome for execution early in the second century—roughly two hundred years before the council. He spoke without embarrassment of “our God, Jesus Christ”. “For our God, Jesus Christ, was, accor…
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