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Search by subject, then refine by approach. A prophecy study may also be apologetic or discerning because subject tells you what it examines, while approach tells you how it examines it.

25 results for “Gospels”

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Recommended book · Gospel reliability & legal apologeticsBook review

An Examination of the Testimony of the Four Evangelists

Simon Greenleaf · Legal examination of testimony · 1846

…remains a stimulating contribution to the cumulative case for the trustworthiness of the Gospels. This is a work of nineteenth-century legal apologetics, not a modern historical or legal consensus. Greenleaf assumes traditional Gospel authorship and uses rules of evidence from h…

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Article · Israel and the ChurchBiblical exposition · Apologetics

Does the New Testament Reaffirm Israel's Promises?

Fulfilment in Christ, the inclusion of the Gentiles, and Israel's future mercy

…lessing. Neither principle, by itself, establishes the permanent exclusion of Israel. The Gospels begin with Israel's covenant hope The announcement of Jesus' birth is unmistakably messianic and national: "He shall be great, and shall be called the Son of the Highest: and the Lor…

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Article · HermeneuticsApologetics · Biblical exposition · Historical study

Defending Dispensationalism

Responding to five common criticisms without defending what Scripture does not require

…ugh faith, centred in Christ. It distinguishes Israel and the Church without teaching two gospels or two redeemers. The following answers do not prove the whole system. They clear away five common criticisms so the actual biblical questions can be heard. Criticism 1: “Dispensatio…

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Article · ChristologyBiblical theology · Christological analysis · Historical theology · Primary-source study · Pastoral theology

Did Jesus Have a Human Soul?

Why the Son assumed a complete human nature, not merely a body

…essions and bodily symptoms. The Son truly sorrowed in the human life He had assumed. The Gospels repeatedly show that inner life. Jesus marvelled (Matthew 8:10). He had compassion (Matthew 9:36). He groaned in spirit and wept at Lazarus’s tomb (John 11:33–35). He looked upon the…

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Article · Jesus ChristHistorical study · Apologetics · Comparative theology

Did Jesus Really Die?

The crucifixion in history, Scripture and the Qur'an

…its apparent defeat through the resurrection. The four Gospel accounts All four canonical Gospels devote substantial attention to Jesus' arrest, condemnation, crucifixion, death and burial (Matthew 26-27; Mark 14-15; Luke 22-23; John 18-19). This should be stated carefully. The f…

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Article · ChristologyBiblical theology · Christological analysis · Historical theology · Primary-source study · Pastoral theology

Did the Incarnation Limit God?

Eustathius of Antioch, the human soul of Christ and the pictures created by our words

…tial to being human. It also supplied an argument against the full deity of the Word. The Gospels attribute weakness and suffering to Jesus. He grows weary, becomes troubled, experiences sorrow and undergoes death. If the Word occupies the place of the human soul, those changing…

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Article · Christian DoctrineHistorical investigation · Theological analysis · Biblical theology · Primary-source study

Have Evangelicals Become Neo-Gnostics?

History, heresy, and the temptation of private Christianity

…early every disagreement as proof of apostasy. There is also a commanded refusal of false gospels and destructive teaching. Faithfulness requires both charity and boundaries. The question is whether separation is governed by apostolic truth, proportion, patience, and accountable…

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Article · RaptureBiblical exposition · Apologetics · Historical study

Is the Pretribulation Rapture Without Biblical Basis?

A response to Hank Hanegraaff on resurrection, Daniel’s final week, and the Tribulation

…dispensationalism distinguishes Israel from the Church. It does not therefore require two gospels, two saviours or two methods of salvation. Jews and Gentiles are reconciled to God through the blood of Christ. The distinction concerns covenantal identity, historical vocation and…

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Article · Comparative ReligionApologetics · Historical study · Comparative theology · Biblical discernment

Is the Qur'an a Miracle?

Testing Islam's evidence for divine revelation

…ation and the historical Jesus? The preceding articles have established the conflict: The Gospels identify Jesus within the divine identity; the Qur'an denies His divine Sonship. The crucifixion is embedded in the earliest Christian proclamation and established by historical evid…

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Article · Israel and the ChurchBiblical exposition

Israel and the Church: Why This Series Matters

The question reaches beyond prophecy to the faithfulness of God

…faithfulness to promises made long before Pentecost. Nor does Israel's future create two gospels. If Israel is saved, Israel will be saved through the Deliverer who comes out of Sion and turns away ungodliness from Jacob (Romans 11:26-27). National election never removes the nee…

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Article · ChristologyBiblical theology · Christological analysis · Historical theology · Pastoral theology · Christian apologetics

One Person, Two Natures

Why the distinction matters when we speak about Jesus

…e distinction between Person and nature becomes practical as soon as we begin reading the Gospels carefully. Without it, we will tend to fall into one of two errors. The first is confusing the natures. We may speak as though the divine nature became ignorant, developed, suffered…

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Article · Comparative ReligionHistorical study · Apologetics · Comparative theology · Biblical discernment

Revelation or Reception?

Sources behind Qur’anic narratives

…dates and water beside a palm tree. These are not stories found in the Torah or the four Gospels. Yet recognisable forms of them appear within the religious narrative world of late antiquity. The superficial accusation is easy: Muhammad heard old legends and copied them into the…

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Article · Christian DoctrinePersonal reflection · Historical theology · Theological analysis · Primary-source study

Standing at the Door

An unrequited love for the historic Church

…the Church dispersed throughout the world. Different languages did not produce different gospels. The churches of Germany, Spain, Gaul, the East, Egypt and Libya preserved the same proclamation. The Church held it, he said, as though dwelling in one house and possessing one hear…

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Recommended book · Second Advent & biblical prophecyBook review

Ten Sermons on the Second Advent

E. W. Bullinger · Sermons · 1892

…rather than an isolated prophetic curiosity. He ranges across the Law, Prophets, Psalms, Gospels, Epistles, and Revelation, drawing attention to the sheer weight of Scripture devoted to Christ's return. The sermons combine expectation, careful textual observation, and practical…

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Article · Bible and ManuscriptsHistorical study · Apologetics · Comparative theology

The Injeel Problem

Which Gospel does the Qur'an affirm?

…esus, just as the Torah was given to Moses and the Qur'an to Muhammad. The four canonical Gospels, by contrast, are narratives about Jesus written by later authors. Paul's letters are later still and cannot simply be identified with a book given to Jesus. An informed Muslim may a…

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Article · Biblical InterpretationBiblical exposition · Messianic prophecy · Hebrew word study · Theological reflection

The Messiah and ‘My Mother’s Children’ in Psalm 69

The brothers of Jesus, the sons of Mary, and an argument of strong plausibility

…rejection by relatives; it identifies the rejecters as the sufferer’s mother’s sons. The Gospels then identify Jesus as Mary’s son, name His brothers, and record their unbelief. Conclusion Psalm 69 presents a unified portrait of righteous suffering that the New Testament repeate…

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Article · Comparative ReligionApologetics · Comparative theology · Biblical exposition · Theological reflection

The Sum of These Things

Christianity, Islam and the verdict of the evidence

…ed what Christians mean when they say that God is one. We have followed Jesus through the Gospels and asked whether He can be contained within the category of prophet. We have considered eternal love, the crucifixion, divine justice, forgiveness and assurance. We have tested the…

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Article · Israel and the ChurchBiblical exposition

Twelve Thrones and Twelve Tribes

What Jesus promised the apostles about Israel's future

…e and united to Christ. Kingdom assignments concern service under the King, not different gospels or degrees of justification. The promise survives Israel's failure Jesus made this promise while moving towards Jerusalem, where He would be rejected and crucified. He knew Israel's…

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Article · Israel and the ChurchBiblical exposition · Apologetics

Was the Kingdom Taken from Israel?

The wicked husbandmen, the fruit-bearing nation, and what Jesus said afterwards

…adicts it. What did Jesus say after the kingdom was taken? A chronological harmony of the Gospels helps here, not because a modern arrangement carries authority, but because it places the inspired accounts alongside one another and makes their narrated sequence easier to see. Mat…

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