Search the library

Trace a question through the evidence.

Search by subject, then refine by approach. A prophecy study may also be apologetic or discerning because subject tells you what it examines, while approach tells you how it examines it.

8 results for “Heresies

Clear search
Recommended book · Early Christianity & apologeticsBook review

The Writings of Irenaeus

Irenaeus of Lyons · Early Christian theology and polemic · c. 180–190

The surviving works and fragments of a second-century Christian writer, above all Against Heresies, defending the apostolic faith against Gnostic systems through sustained appeals to Scripture, creation, incarnation, resurrection, and the unity of God's purpose.

View recommendation
Recommended book · Early Christianity & biblical prophecyBook review

The Writings of Hippolytus

Hippolytus · Exposition, prophecy, and polemic · early third century

…of Daniel, the Antichrist, Christ's return, and the future kingdom. His Refutation of All Heresies also records and challenges many competing teachings. Together the writings offer a high view of Scripture, vigorous rebuttal, a clear premillennial witness, and repeated concern th…

View recommendation
Article · RaptureBiblical exposition

Daniel's Seventieth Week and the New Testament Tribulation

Why the final seven is unfinished, future, and centred upon Israel and Jerusalem

…a three-and-a-half-year reign, a temple setting, and Christ's subsequent coming (Against Heresies, V.25 and V.30). In the early third century, Hippolytus explicitly called Daniel's remaining week "the last week" at the end of the world and correlated its two halves with Revelati…

Read article
Article · RaptureApologetics · Historical study

Did Darby Invent the Pretribulation Rapture?

What the historical evidence proves—and what it does not

…ainst Marcion, V.15 Tertullian, On the Resurrection of the Flesh, 41-42 Irenaeus, Against Heresies, V.29 Victorinus of Pettau, Commentary on the Apocalypse The Shepherd of Hermas, Vision 4 Pseudo-Ephraem, On the Last Times, the Antichrist, and the End of the World Morgan Edwards,…

Read article
Article · Jesus ChristHistorical study · Apologetics · Comparative theology

Did Jesus Really Die?

The crucifixion in history, Scripture and the Qur'an

…d in His place, while Jesus assumes Simon's appearance, stands nearby and laughs (Against Heresies 1.24.4). The Second Treatise of the Great Seth, preserved in the Nag Hammadi library and commonly dated to the late second or third century, also separates the heavenly Saviour from…

Read article
Article · Israel and the ChurchHistorical study · Apologetics · Biblical discernment

How Supersessionism Took Root in the Early Church

A history of interpretation, polemic, and forgotten tension

…25 Origen, Against Celsus, Book IV, chapter 22; and Book VI, chapter 80 Irenaeus, Against Heresies, Book V, chapter 35 John Chrysostom, Against the Jews, Homily I Cyril of Jerusalem, Catechetical Lecture XV Augustine, The City of God, Book XVIII, especially chapter 46; and Book X…

Read article
Article · Bible and ManuscriptsHistorical study · Apologetics · Comparative theology

The Injeel Problem

Which Gospel does the Qur'an affirm?

…eans, chapters 1-3, on Christ's real suffering, death and resurrection. Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.26.2 and 3.15, on the Ebionites' use of Matthew and rejection of Paul. These hostile reports must be used critically rather than treated as surviving Ebionite testimony. Edmon L.…

Read article