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15 results for “Islamic apologetics”

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Article · Comparative ReligionApologetics · Comparative theology · Biblical exposition · Theological reflection

The Sum of These Things

Christianity, Islam and the verdict of the evidence

…ice, forgiveness and assurance. We have tested the transmission of the Bible, the missing Islamic Injeel, the Qur’an’s miracle claim, alleged prophecies of Muhammad, the covenant line through Isaac, Daniel’s cut-off Messiah and the Qur’an’s relationship to the religious stories o…

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Article · ChristologyBiblical theology · Christological analysis · Historical theology · Primary-source study · Christian apologetics

Does Eternal Mean Divine?

Origen, Arius and the line between Creator and creation

…ivine Son. See Qur’an 4:171 and 5:72–75. These statements should be allowed to define the Islamic position rather than treating Muslim reverence for Jesus as equivalent to Christian confession.

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Article · Comparative ReligionApologetics · Gospel foundations · Comparative theology

The Scales and the Cross

Two accounts of judgement, mercy, and the sinner's hope before God

…dgement, mercy, faith, and obedience. The decisive difference is the cross. The scales in Islamic judgement The Qur'an repeatedly presents a weighing on the Day of Judgement. Surah 21:47 says that scales of justice will be established and not even the weight of a mustard seed ove…

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Article · Jesus ChristHistorical study · Apologetics · Comparative theology

Did Jesus Really Die?

The crucifixion in history, Scripture and the Qur'an

…rse says that Allah raised Jesus to Himself (Surah 4:158). The dominant interpretation in Islamic tradition is therefore that Jesus escaped crucifixion and another person was made to resemble Him. Some modern Muslim interpreters propose different readings, but mainstream Sunni an…

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Article · Christian DoctrineBiblical exposition · Apologetics · Theological reflection · Comparative theology

Eternal Love Before Creation

What the Father's love for the Son reveals about God

…f love. This is a far richer argument than the compressed versions often heard in popular apologetics. It also guards against imagining the Trinity as three deficient beings who form a relationship to supply what each lacks. Richard begins with divine fullness. The communion belo…

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Article · Comparative ReligionApologetics · Historical study · Comparative theology · Biblical discernment

Is the Qur'an a Miracle?

Testing Islam's evidence for divine revelation

…her confirmation. Some of these claims are stronger than others. Some belong to classical Islamic theology; others are products of modern popular apologetics. They should not be bundled together carelessly or dismissed with mockery. Each must be allowed to establish whatever it g…

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Article · Apologetics and WorldviewBiblical discernment · Biblical exposition · Cultural analysis · Church history

Test the Spirits

Spiritual ecstasy, altered states, and discerning what is from God

…experiences are not confined to one religion. They appear in forms of Hinduism, Buddhism, Islamic mysticism, ancient paganism, occultism, New Age spirituality, and some movements carrying the Christian name. This should immediately make us cautious about the claim that the experi…

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Article · Biblical InterpretationBiblical exposition · Apologetics · Comparative theology · Historical study

Isaac, Not Ishmael

The covenant son and the sacrifice that points to Christ

…religious geography. It begins with a text which repeatedly gives the name. The strongest Islamic case The Muslim position should be presented in its strongest recognisable form. The Qur'an does not reject Isaac. It calls him a prophet and places him among the righteous. Nor need…

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Article · Jesus ChristBiblical exposition · Apologetics · Comparative theology

Not Just a Prophet

The divine identity of Jesus across the Gospels

…Surahs 3:45-49; 4:171; 5:72-75; 19:30-36). That is the strongest recognisable form of the Islamic claim. It does not deny that Jesus is remarkable. It denies that anything He says or does removes Him from the category of a human prophet. The question is whether that category can…

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Article · Comparative ReligionHistorical study · Apologetics · Comparative theology · Biblical discernment

Revelation or Reception?

Sources behind Qur’anic narratives

…history. The Qur’an then selects one of its most memorable miracles centuries later. The Islamic explanation requires an otherwise unattested historical event to survive inside legendary literature until God independently confirms it through Muhammad. Cultural transmission requi…

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Article · Biblical ProphecyBiblical exposition · Historical study · Apologetics · Comparative theology

The Daniel Dilemma

The Messiah cut off before the Temple fell

…t forms by later interpretation rather than explained in the verse itself. The mainstream Islamic conclusion, however, is clear: Jesus was not crucified and killed by His enemies. That denial already collides with the historical evidence. Daniel adds another layer. An earlier Jew…

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Article · Bible and ManuscriptsHistorical study · Apologetics · Comparative theology

The Injeel Problem

Which Gospel does the Qur'an affirm?

…ically produce, while rejecting the Gospel which history actually supplies. The strongest Islamic case The Muslim position should be stated in its strongest recognisable form. The Qur'an does not say that Allah gave Jesus the New Testament. It speaks of the Injeel in the singular…

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Article · Christian DoctrineBiblical exposition · Apologetics · Comparative theology

Two Revelations of Divine Love

What mercy, holiness and the cross reveal about God

…cabulary. It concerns what God is like. The Qur'an genuinely speaks of mercy and love The Islamic case should be allowed to speak in its strongest recognisable form. With the exception of Surah 9, the chapters of the Qur'an open with the basmala, invoking Allah as the Most Compas…

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Article · Biblical InterpretationBiblical exposition · Apologetics · Comparative theology

Was Muhammad Foretold in the Bible?

Four popular claims tested in context

…een reduced or removed. That matters because Surah 7:157 places a serious burden upon the Islamic claim. It does not merely say that some later reader might find suggestive resemblances. It says that the unlettered prophet is written in the Torah and Gospel which Jews and Christi…

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Article · ChristologyBiblical theology · Christological analysis · Historical theology · Primary-source study · Pastoral theology

Did the Incarnation Limit God?

Eustathius of Antioch, the human soul of Christ and the pictures created by our words

…: “Did God die?”, “Did God use the toilet?” or even, “Did God wet the bed?” Muslim street apologetics is one setting in which Christians may encounter them, but the objections are not uniquely Islamic. Their force comes from making incarnation appear absurd by transferring every…

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