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17 results for “Ancient world

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Article · RaptureApologetics · Historical study

Did Darby Invent the Pretribulation Rapture?

What the historical evidence proves—and what it does not

…prove pretribulationism, but it can disprove a careless invention narrative. The event is ancient Tertullian, writing around the beginning of the third century, says that believers remaining at Christ's coming, together with the resurrected dead in Christ, will be "caught up in t…

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Article · Comparative ReligionHistorical study · Apologetics · Comparative theology · Biblical discernment

Revelation or Reception?

Sources behind Qur’anic narratives

…hind Qur’anic narratives The Qur’an did not emerge in a cultural vacuum. It appeared in a world alive with biblical names, Jewish interpretation, Christian preaching, sectarian disagreement, devotional legend and stories carried across languages by travellers, merchants, clergy a…

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Article · Israel and the ChurchBiblical exposition · Apologetics

Are Gentile Believers Grafted into Israel?

The olive tree, the natural branches, and the limits of the metaphor

…anches broken off | Israelites excluded through unbelief | | The wild olive | The Gentile world outside Israel's covenant privileges | | Wild branches grafted in | Gentiles brought by faith into the blessings flowing from the root | No symbol should be pressed beyond Paul's purpo…

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Article · Israel and the ChurchBiblical exposition · Apologetics

Are Israel and the Church Really the Same?

Unity in Christ and distinction in God's purpose

…d's purpose The New Testament teaches a unity so profound that it would have startled the ancient world. In Christ, Jewish and Gentile believers are reconciled to God in one body. Both possess the same Spirit, approach the same Father, and inherit salvation on the same basis. It…

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Article · RaptureBiblical exposition

Daniel's Seventieth Week and the New Testament Tribulation

Why the final seven is unfinished, future, and centred upon Israel and Jerusalem

…rsian decree begins the count, whether the relevant year should be 445 or 444 BC, how the ancient calendars should be correlated, and which date best fits the crucifixion. Even the popular summary of Anderson's arithmetic is often misstated: the final twenty-four days are not sim…

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Article · Jesus ChristHistorical study · Apologetics · Comparative theology

Did Jesus Really Die?

The crucifixion in history, Scripture and the Qur'an

…It does not. A Roman historian confirms the execution Christian sources are not the only ancient witnesses. Writing early in the second century, the Roman historian Tacitus explains the origin of the Christians whom Nero persecuted after the fire of Rome. He reports that Christu…

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Article · RaptureBiblical exposition · Apologetics

Does 'Meet the Lord in the Air' Mean an Immediate Return to Earth?

Why apantēsis does not settle the timing of the rapture

…preter who supplies that movement is drawing an inference beyond the sentence itself. The ancient reception background In the Hellenistic and Roman worlds, citizens could go out to meet an approaching dignitary and accompany him in a formal entry. Two other New Testament passages…

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Article · Israel and the ChurchHistorical study · Apologetics · Biblical discernment

How Supersessionism Took Root in the Early Church

A history of interpretation, polemic, and forgotten tension

…o trace the development accurately: neither excusing indefensible words nor forcing every ancient writer into a modern category. The apostolic starting point was Jewish The earliest Church did not think of Christianity as a Gentile religion which had displaced Israel. Jesus and t…

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Article · Comparative ReligionApologetics · Historical study · Comparative theology · Biblical discernment

Is the Qur'an a Miracle?

Testing Islam's evidence for divine revelation

…pply microscopic anatomy, genetic information or a developmental mechanism unavailable to ancient observers. The sequence of bones followed by their being clothed with flesh also requires interpretation in light of modern development, where skeletal and muscular tissues different…

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Article · Biblical InterpretationBiblical exposition · Apologetics · Comparative theology · Historical study

Isaac, Not Ishmael

The covenant son and the sacrifice that points to Christ

…tthew 3:17). John later describes the measure of God's saving love: "For God so loved the world, that he gave his only begotten Son, that whosoever believeth in him should not perish, but have everlasting life" (John 3:16). Isaac is not the eternal Son of God. He is a created man…

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Article · Jesus ChristBiblical exposition · Apologetics · Comparative theology

Not Just a Prophet

The divine identity of Jesus across the Gospels

…und. Daniel saw: "One like the Son of man came with the clouds of heaven, and came to the Ancient of days ... And there was given him dominion, and glory, and a kingdom, that all people, nations, and languages, should serve him" (Daniel 7:13-14). This figure is distinct from the…

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Article · Biblical ProphecyBiblical exposition · Historical study · Apologetics · Comparative theology

The Daniel Dilemma

The Messiah cut off before the Temple fell

…e Christian case; it is simply the truth. The Old Greek witness Daniel also circulated in ancient Greek. The earlier Old Greek translation arose within Jewish transmission before it was displaced in most Christian manuscripts by the version associated with Theodotion. The Old Gre…

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Article · Bible and ManuscriptsHistorical study · Apologetics · Comparative theology

The Injeel Problem

Which Gospel does the Qur'an affirm?

…the seventh century, Christians had lived for centuries throughout the Roman and Persian worlds, Egypt, Syria, Mesopotamia, Armenia, Ethiopia and regions connected with Arabia. Their churches disagreed sharply over Christology, councils, episcopal authority and imperial power. T…

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Article · Israel and the ChurchBiblical exposition · Historical study · Apologetics

The Restoration of the Nation of Israel

Regathering, national rebirth, and the spiritual renewal still to come

…le, Jerusalem was destroyed by Rome, and Jewish communities became established across the world. The warnings did not end with scattering. Moses also looked beyond it: "Then the LORD thy God will turn thy captivity, and have compassion upon thee, and will return and gather thee f…

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Article · Comparative ReligionApologetics · Comparative theology · Biblical exposition · Theological reflection

The Sum of These Things

Christianity, Islam and the verdict of the evidence

…ther, glorify thou me with thine own self with the glory which I had with thee before the world was” (John 17:5). And: “For thou lovedst me before the foundation of the world” (John 17:24). Before creation there was not merely a solitary deity possessing an unused capacity for re…

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